PASSIVE VOICE

1. Form
Active: S + V + O + …….
Passive: S + be + V3/ed + (by O) + ……
Ex: Active: She arranges the books on the shelves every weekend.
S V O
Passive: The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend.
S be V3/ed by O
2. Rules Khi đổi từ chủ động sang bị động, ta chú ý các bước sau:
a. Xác định S (Chủ từ), V (Động từ), O (Túc từ) và thì của động từ trong câu chủ động.
Ex: Active: She arranges the books on the shelves every weekend.
S V1 O
b. Đem O lên làm S, chuyển S xuống làm O đặt sau by.
Ex: (P) The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend.
S by O
c. Thêm động từ to be (phù hợp với thì của động từ trong câu chủ động), và chuyển động từ chính sang V3/ed.
Ex: (P) The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend.
be V3/ed
3. Notes:
a. Trong trường hợp có liên từ and và giới từ of, ta phải xác định đầy đủ chủ từ hoặc túc từ khi chuyển đổi.
Ex:- Active: He and I see the film
( Passive: The film is seen by him and me.
- Active: He bought a box of chocolates last week
( Passive: A box of chocolates was bought last week.
b. Trong câu bị động: by O luôn đứng sau adverbs of place (trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn) và trước adverbs of time (trạng từ chỉ thời gian).
Ex: (P) The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend.
adv of place by O adv of time
c. Trong câu bị động, ta có thể bỏ: by people, by us, by them, by someone….
Ex: Passive: A new bridge has been built across the river (by them).
d. Trong các thì có các trợ động từ (Auxiliary verbs) như: am/ is/ are, was/ were, has/ have, had……
Active: S + Aux + V + O + …….
Passive: S + Aux + be + V3/ed + (by O) + ……
Ex: - Active: They have built a new bridge across the river.
S Aux V O
( Passive: A new bridge has been built across the river (by them).
S Aux be V3 by O
- Active: Mai was watching a cartoon at 8 o’clock last night.
S Aux V O
( Passive: A cartoon was being watched by Mai at 8 o’clock last night.
S Aux be V-ed by O
Active
Passive

S + V1 + O
S + am/is/are + V3/ed

S + am/is/are + V-ing + O
S + am/is/are + being +V3/ed

S + has/have + V3/ed + O
S + has/have + been + V3/ed

S + V2/ed + O
S + was/were +V3/ed

S + was/were + V-ing + O
S + was/were + being +V3/ed

S + had + V3/ed + O
S + had + been + V3/ed

S + will/shall + Vo + O
S + will/shall + be +V3/ed

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EXERCISES (PASSIVE VOICE)

I/ Change these sentences into the passive voice
1. Somebody has robbed the bank near our house.
(…………………………………………………………….…………………..
2. Somebody told me to wait outside.
(…………………………………………………………….…………………..
3. Somebody has driven them to the airport.
(…………………………………………………….…………………………..
4. They will complete the new high way from north to south next year.
(…………………………………………………….…………………………..
5. My aunt made this sweater for her son.
(…………………………………………………….…………………………..
6. The television station has broadcast all the 22nd Sea-Games competitions.
(…………………………………………………….…………………………..
7. My teacher asked me to be here at 10 am.
(…………………………………………………….…………………………..
9. Thomas Edison invented the electric light bulb.
(…………………………………………………….…………………………..
10. She makes coffee for her parents every day.
(…………………………………………………….…………………………..
II/ Put the verbs in parentheses into the correct active or passive voice
1. Last night my favorite program________________ (interrupt) by a special news bulletin.
2. When I______________ (arrive) at the airport yesterday, I______________ (